MCQs ‐Pregnancy and Embryonic Development

1. Finger-like projections formed on trophoblast after implantation are called:
(a) Fimbriae (b) Chorionic villi (c) Blastomeres (d) Alveoli
2. Placenta is formed by the interaction of:
(a) Ovary and uterus (b) Chorionic villi and uterine tissue (c) Endometrium and myometrium (d) Foetus and cervix
3. Placenta acts as a:
(a) Digestive organ (b) Respiratory organ only (c) Endocrine tissue (d) Excretory organ only
4. Placenta helps in the transport of:
(a) Oxygen and nutrients (b) Carbon dioxide and wastes (c) Hormones (d) All of these
5. Placenta is connected to embryo through the:
(a) Fallopian tube (b) Cervix (c) Umbilical cord (d) Vagina
6. Which hormone is secreted by placenta?
(a) Insulin (b) hCG (c) Adrenaline (d) Glucagon
7. hPL stands for:
(a) Human pituitary lactogen (b) Human placental lactogen (c) Human pregnancy lutein (d) Human placental lutein
8. Relaxin is secreted during pregnancy by the:
(a) Thyroid gland (b) Placenta only (c) Ovary (d) Pituitary gland
9. Which hormones are produced only during pregnancy?
(a) Thyroxine and cortisol (b) hCG, hPL and relaxin (c) Estrogen and progesterone (d) FSH and LH
10. The outer germ layer formed after implantation is:
(a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm (c) Ectoderm (d) Trophoblast
11. The inner germ layer is called:
(a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm (c) Ectoderm (d) Blastoderm
12. The middle germ layer is:
(a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm (c) Ectoderm (d) Trophoblast
13. Stem cells are present in the:
(a) Placenta (b) Umbilical cord (c) Inner cell mass (d) Endometrium
14. Human pregnancy normally lasts for about:
(a) 3 months (b) 6 months (c) 9 months (d) 12 months
15. After one month of pregnancy, the embryo develops:
(a) Limbs (b) Heart (c) Hair (d) Eyelashes
16. By the end of second month, the foetus develops:
(a) Teeth (b) Heartbeat only (c) Limbs and digits (d) Eyelashes
17. Most major organ systems are formed by the end of:
(a) 4 weeks (b) 8 weeks (c) 12 weeks (d) 30 weeks
18. First movements of foetus are usually observed during the:
(a) First month (b) Third month (c) Fifth month (d) Ninth month
19. By the end of second trimester, the body of foetus is covered with:
(a) Scales (b) Thick hair (c) Fine hair (d) Nails only
20. At the end of nine months, the foetus is:
(a) Partially developed (b) Ready for fertilisation (c) Ready for delivery (d) Ready for implantation

Pregnancy and Embryonic Development ‐ Short Questions Answer
1. What are chorionic villi?
2. From which structure do chorionic villi develop?
3. How is the placenta formed?
4. What is the placenta?
5. Name the connection between the placenta and the foetus.
6. What is the function of the umbilical cord?
7. Why is the placenta called an endocrine tissue?
8. Name any two hormones secreted by the placenta.
9. What is hCG?
10. What is hPL?
11. What is the function of the placenta?
12. What substances are transported from mother to foetus through the placenta?
13. What substances are transported from foetus to mother through the placenta?
14. What is relaxin?
15. Which hormones are produced only during pregnancy?
16. What are germ layers?
17. Name the three primary germ layers.
18. What is the outermost germ layer called?
19. What is the middle germ layer called?
20. What is the innermost germ layer called?
21. What is the inner cell mass?
22. Where are stem cells present in the blastocyst?
23. What are stem cells?
24. What is the normal duration of human pregnancy?
25. What develops in the embryo by the end of the first month?
26. What develops in the foetus by the end of the second month?
27. When is the embryo called a foetus?
28. By the end of which month are most major organ systems formed?
29. During which month are the first foetal movements observed?
30. What is quickening?
31. What covers the body of the foetus by the end of the second trimester?
32. What is lanugo?
33. What is meant by gestation period?
34. What happens at the end of nine months of pregnancy?
35. When is a foetus considered ready for delivery?